home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
-
-
- WDXT-GEN2
-
- 3
-
- HOW TO INSTALL YOUR SOFTWARE
-
- Now that you have installed the WDXT-GEN2 hardware, you need to install the
- software that tells your computer how to use the hardware.
-
- Software Installation Summary
-
- The software installation consists of the following three procedures:
-
- Low Level Format
-
- use pre-selected configuration (factory default drive table)
-
- use dynamic configuration
-
- Partition Hard Disk
-
- use DOS FDISK utility program
-
- High Level Format
-
- use DOS FORMAT utility program
-
-
- You may find it easier to install the WDXT-GEN2 software, if you first look
- over the complete set of instructions and determine beforehand which
- installation path you are going to use. During the low level format, you decide
- whether to use the pre-selected configuration or the dynamic configuration.
-
- The pre-selected configuration uses a factory default drive table. A drive
- table contains characteristics, which describe the hard disk to the computer.
- The factory default drive table supplied on the WDXT-GEN2 board has the
- characteristics for a 21MB drive. See Table1-1 for these characteristics.
-
- Alternately, during the low level format, you can choose the dynamic
- configuration. The dynamic configuration is a process whereby you type the disk
- characteristics of your hard disk drive into the computer rather than using a
- drive table.
-
- If you use the dynamic configuration, you need to locate and enter values for
- the drive. You will also need to decide whether to do a virtual split. Your
- software installation ends by using the DOS utilities: FDISK and FORMAT.
-
- Where the instructions require you to shift between the text in this chapter
- and the Appendix, step numbers are kept consistent in both sections.
-
- CAUTION
-
- Do NOT start the low level format until you have a backup copy of
- the information on your hard disk. This warning usually applies to
- previously used hard disks.
-
-
- When you have a new hard disk, you usually do not have information
- to backup except in the case where your dealer installs some
- applications software on your unit.
-
-
- **************************************************************************
- START LOW LEVEL FORMAT
- **************************************************************************
-
- Before you start, turn your computer ON and make sure that a DOS diskette
- containing the Debug program is in drive A. Then proceed to the A> prompt.
-
- See your DOS manual if you need help getting to the A> prompt.
-
- 1. At the A> prompt,
-
- Type: DEBUG
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- 2. At the debug prompt (-),
-
- Type: g=c800:5
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- 3. The low level format program displays the following:
-
- Super Bios Formatter II Rev.1.0 (C) Copyright Western
- Digital Corp.1988
-
- Current Drive is C:, Select new Drive or RETURN for
- current.
-
-
- Go to either step 3A or step 3B.
-
- 3A. To change the drive from C to D
-
- Type: D
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- This changes the drive that you will format. Now go to step 3C.
-
- 3B. To remain at drive C
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- 3C. The system displays the following:
-
- Current Interleave is 3, Select new Interleave or
- RETURN for current.
-
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- Go to either step 3D or 3E. See Appendix A for explanation of interleave.
-
- 3D. To change the current interleave value, type a new value and
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- 3E. To keep the current interleave value
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- 4. The following displays:
-
- Are you dynamically configuring the drive - answer Y/N
-
- At this point you need to make a selection.
-
- -- If you have a 21MB drive whose parameters are the same
- as those in Table1-1, then go to section "Use Pre-Selected
- Configuration."
-
- -- All other drives, go to section "Use Dynamic Configuration."
-
- **************************************************************************
- USE PRE-SELECTED CONFIGURATION (21MB drive)
- **************************************************************************
-
- To use the pre-selected configuration, follow the instructions below.
-
- 4. When the prompt appears:
-
- Are you dynamically configuring the drive - answer Y/N
-
- Type: N
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- The following prompt appears,
-
- Press "y" to begin formatting drive C with interleave 03
-
- 5. To start the format for drive C with interleave 3,
-
- Type: Y
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- Then follow the instructions on your computer screen. When the format starts
- several messages may appear or you may see the word "formatting..."
-
- 6. When the format is completed, the following displays:
-
- Format Successful
- If you have a second drive to format repeat the steps for the low level format.
- Otherwise, skip to section "Final Steps" in this chapter.
-
- **************************************************************************
- USE DYNAMIC CONFIGURATION
- **************************************************************************
-
- To use the dynamic configuration and enter the disk drive parameters yourself,
- follow the instructions below.
-
- 4. When the prompt appears:
-
- Are you dynamically configuring the drive - answer Y/N
-
- Type: Y
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- The following prompt displays:
-
- Key in disk characteristics as follows: ccc h rrr ppp ee o
-
- where:
-
- ccc = total number of cylinders (1-4 digits)
- h = number of heads (1-2 digits)
- rrr = starting reduced write current cylinder (1-4 digits)
- ppp = write precomp cylinder (1-4 digits)
- ee = max correctable error burst length (1-2 digits), range (5-11
- bits), default 11 bits
- o = ccb option byte, step rate select, (1 hex digit), range = 0 to
- 7, default = 5
- refer to controller and drive specifications for step rates
-
-
- Check the literature supplied by your hard disk drive manufacturer for these
- values.
-
- 5. Enter each value separated by a space and follow the completed
- entry by pressing the <Enter> key.
-
- EXAMPLE:
-
- For a ST 225 (Seagate model 225 hard disk drive)
- Type: 615 4 616 300 11 7
- Press <Enter>
-
- After you enter these values, you have to make another choice.
-
- -- do a virtual split
-
- -- skip the virtual split
-
-
- 6. When the following prompt displays:
-
- Are you virtually configuring the drive - answer Y/N
-
- See Appendix A section "Virtual Split" for more information
- on a virtual split and instructions to select the virtual split.
-
- To ignore the virtual split configuration,
-
- Type: N
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- The system displays the following prompt:
-
- Press "y" to begin formatting drive C with interleave 03
-
- Type: Y
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- Then follow the instructions on your computer screen. When the format starts
- several messages may appear or you may see the word "formatting..."
-
- 7. At the prompt,
-
- Do you want to format bad tracks - answer Y/N
-
- See Appendix A section "Bad Tracks" for more information
- on the bad tracks option and instructions to select the bad tracks
- option. Normally, you can ignore the selection here.
-
- To ignore the bad tracks option,
-
- Type: N
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- When the format is complete, the following message displays:
-
- Format Successful
-
- If you want to format a second drive, repeat the low level format steps.
- Otherwise you are done with this phase of the installation and can go to the
- next section, "Final Steps."
-
- **************************************************************************
- FINAL STEPS
- **************************************************************************
-
- After you complete the low level format on your hard disk drive, you need to
- partition your drive and do a high level format before you can use your hard
- disk for the first time. The DOS programs: FDISK and FORMAT do this.
-
-
- FDISK and FORMAT are usually located on the supplemental DOS diskette.
-
- Partition Drive
-
- A partition divides the drive into units and prepares your hard disk for use
- with an operating system, such as MS-DOS.* You can select one partition which
- takes up your entire disk or several partitions, each occupying a portion of
- the disk. Each unit can have its own operating system.
-
- FDISK Utility
-
- If you just completed the low level format, the DOS diskette is in your
- computer and the A>> prompt is on your screen.
-
- To partition your hard disk with FDISK, follow the instructions below.
-
- 1. Make sure that the DOS diskette with FDISK is in drive A.
-
- 2. At the A>> prompt,
-
- Type: FDISK
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- FDISK displays a series of menus. See your operating system manual for details.
- If in doubt, use the default values.
-
- Partition Second Disk Drive
-
- If you have two hard disk drives or created a virtual disk on your hard disk
- drive, then you must partition each drive.
-
- After you partition drive C, repeat the above steps. To partition drive D,
- select partition second hard disk.
-
- High Level Format
-
- As the final step to the software installation, you need to use the DOS FORMAT
- utility, which prepares the hard disk to accept MS-DOS files.
-
- The DOS utility program, FORMAT, will locate and deallocate media defects (bad
- tracks). Therefore if you did not mark the tracks bad during the low level
- format, this step does it for you automatically.
-
- FORMAT Switch "/S"
-
- FORMAT allows you to set certain "switches" which control various aspects of
- the procedure. The /s switch copies the operating system from the disk in the
- default drive (or the A drive) to the newly formatted disk.
-
- This is a simple way to get your operating system onto your hard disk.
-
-
-
- To use the FORMAT utility and load the operating system onto your newly
- installed hard disk drive, follow the steps below.
-
- 1. Make sure that the diskette with FORMAT is in drive A.
-
- 2. At the A>> prompt
-
- Type: FORMAT C:/S
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- Follow the instructions on the screen to complete the process. See your
- operating system manual for details.
-
- At this point your hard disk is initialized and the system can read DOS from
- your hard disk, if you only have one partition.
-
- High Level Format Second Disk Drive
-
- If you partitioned your hard disk drive into more than one partition, you must
- format each logical drive.
-
- After you format drive C, repeat the above steps to format drive D, except for
-
- At the A>> prompt,
-
- Type: FORMAT D:
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- You are now ready to go to the next chapter.
-
-
-
- 4
-
- HOW TO CHECK YOUR INSTALLATION
-
- After you completed the hardware installation, software installation, and use
- the FDISK and FORMAT C:/S utilities, you are ready to start using your system.
-
- Start System From Hard Disk
-
- You are ready to start your system using your newly installed hard disk drive
- and WDXT-GEN2 board.
-
- Remember: You must remove the diskette from drive A or else the system will
- start from drive A.
-
- To start the system
-
- 1. Simultaneously press the <Ctrl> <Alt> <Del> keys.
-
- 2. The system should respond, several screens may flash, and finally the C>>
- prompt will appear.
-
- You may have to enter the date and time before the C>> prompt appears. This
- depends on how your system is set.
-
- Installation Complete
-
- You are now done. The next time you can start your system from the hard disk.
-
-
- 5
-
- HOW TO HANDLE PROBLEMS
-
- If you had a problem with your system, first re-read the instructions to be
- sure that you followed them correctly. Check that you typed information EXACTLY
- as instructed.
-
- Repeat the procedure a second time to verify that you get the same error, then
- check the next section, "If You Have a Problem."
-
- If You Have a Problem
-
- First check your physical installation. Check for reversed cables, an
- overloaded system power supply, incorrect drive selection, etc.
-
- This section lists some common problems and possible solutions to try if you
- have problems when you install your controller.
-
- PROBLEM: No response.
-
- SOLUTION: Change cables. Do NOT use floppy cables.
-
- PROBLEM: Winchester activity LED always on.
-
-
- SOLUTION: Check cable connections. Try to reverse cables or replace
- cables. Check whether the drive has malfunctioned.
-
- PROBLEM: "Nothing done exit" appears when you start the low level format
- program.
-
- SOLUTION: You did not press the <Y> key. Restart low level format
- at step 1.
-
- PROBLEM: "Error Reading Fixed Disk" when booting the system.
-
- SOLUTION: DOS partition not active. See FDISK instructions in your DOS
- manual.
-
- PROBLEM: "Hard Disk Drive Not Ready" or "01" Error Code.
-
- SOLUTION: System BIOS ROM does not support Winchester (WDXT-GEN2) controller
- and drive. Update system BIOS ROM. Overloaded power supply. Update
- system power supply.
-
- PROBLEM: Error code "80" while doing the low level format.
-
- SOLUTION: Drive select jumper on the hard disk drive unit is set incorrectly
- (see Chapter 1), or the cables are backwards, i.e., Pins 1 & 34
- switched or connector cables J2 & J3 switched. Also bad cables, no
- power to drive, or bad drive.
-
- PROBLEM: Error code "40" or "20" appears on screen.
-
- SOLUTION: Check cable connections. Try to reverse cables or replace
- cables. Also possibly the drive has malfunctioned.
-
- PROBLEM: After you do a high level format (Format C:/S), the message
- "Insert disk and press ENTER." appears. The system thinks drive C
- is a floppy disk drive.
-
- SOLUTION: Motherboard switches are set for the incorrect number of floppy
- disk drives. Check to see if RAM disk drivers are present.
-
- PROBLEM: "Bad Track 0" using DOS 3.1.
-
- SOLUTION: Make a config.sys file with BUFFERS=99. Reboot to load the
- configuration.
-
- PROBLEM: "Bad Track 0" using DOS 2.1. (DOS 2.1 cannot support bad tracks
- above 16.7 MB.)
-
- SOLUTION: Upgrade system to DOS 3.1 or LATER.
-
- PROBLEM: None of the suggestions seem to help.
-
- SOLUTION: Call your dealer.
-
-
-
- A
-
- INSTALL A SECOND DRIVE ON AN EXISTING CONTROLLER
-
- This section tells you how to install a second fixed hard disk drive on an
- existing GEN2 controller board. You do not have to remove the existing GEN2
- controller board,but you may have to remove the fixed hard disk so that you can
- remove the termination resistor. (This depends on the location of the fixed
- disk and the termination resistor.)
-
- Do not attempt to install your hardware unless you have compared your drive
- against the default drive parameters on page 1-2, and set the drive number and
- removed a termination resistor as explained starting on page 1-7.
-
- This installation requires you to remove the cover from your computer. See your
- computer manual for exact instructions on how to remove the cover.
-
- You need a 34-pin hard disk control cable in a daisy chain configuration and
- you also need a second 20-pin data cable.
-
- XT hardware limits you to two fixed hard disks. If you are installing a second
- drive on the GEN2 board, then the GEN2 board must be the only hard disk
- controller in your system.
-
- 1. Turn your computer power switch to OFF.
-
- 2. Use a screwdriver to loosen the cover screws. Then remove
- the computer cover, so that you can see the expansion slots.
-
- 3. Place the new hard disk drive unit into the computer
- case and attach per the manufacturer's installation instructions.
-
- 4. Look and see which expansion slot has the GEN2 board.
- You may have to lift the GEN2 board out of the slot to access the
- connectors.
-
- 5. Check if your existing 34-pin wide control cable is
- a daisy chain cable. A daisy chain cable has 3 connectors. If the
- cable is not a daisy chain cable, then remove the 34-pin wide control
- cable from the GEN2 board and the existing hard disk drive unit. You
- will replace this cable with a daisy chain cable in the next step.
-
- Leave the 20-pin cable attached to the board and the
- drive unit.
-
- 6. Connect cables to new hard disk drive unit. Follow steps
- A, B, and C.
-
- You may have to leave the drive case loose to connect the cables.
-
- Remember: Connect Pin 1 to Pin 1. Pin 1 of the cable connector is marked and is
- on the color coded edge of the cable. Pin 1 on the controller board is shown in
- Figure 1-1.
-
-
- A. (Omit this step if you are using an existing daisy chain
- cable) Connect the 34-pin (daisy chain wide control cable) end connector
- on the shorter length cable to the first hard disk drive unit's 34-pin
- connector.
-
- B. Connect the 34-pin middle connector on the shorter length
- daisy chain cable to the second hard disk drive unit's 34-pin connector.
-
- The longer length cable is unattached for now.
-
- C. Connect the second 20-pin data cable to the second hard
- disk drive unit's 20-pin connector.
-
- 7. Locate the internal 4-pin power connector(s) on your
- computer. See your computer manual. You need either two internal
- power connectors on your computer or you need to split the power
- connector.
-
- Connect the second drive unit to the second power connector plug.
-
- 8. Connect the free end of the 34-pin (wide control cable)
- connector to J1 on the controller board. Attach Pin 1 of the cable
- connector to Pin 1 on the controller board.
-
- Note: Pin 1 on the controller board is shown in Figure 1-1.
-
- 9. Connect the free end of the 20-pin data cable from the
- second drive to J3 on the GEN2 controller board. Attach Pin 1 on the
- cable to Pin 1 on the controller board.
-
- 10. Place extra cable lengths so that they are out of the way.
-
- CAUTION
-
- Do NOT pinch the cables when you arrange them inside
- your computer case. Do not let the cables lay between
- the cover and an internal board. Do not obstruct air
- flow from fans or vents.
-
-
- 11. Replace the computer cover. Your hardware controller
- installation is complete. However, your GEN2 controller board is really
- a complex circuit composed of both hardware and software, so that
- while the hardware installation is complete, you still need to install
- the software. Proceed to Chapter 3 for the software installation steps.
-
- Tighten hard disk unit to computer case, if not already done so in step 3.
-
-
- **************************************************************************
- INTERLEAVE FACTORS
- **************************************************************************
-
- Interleave is a technique that allows the computer to read or write more than
- one sector per track during a single disk rotation. Example: An interleave
- factor of 3:1 means that after the disk rotates 3 times, the computer has
- accessed all the information on a track.
-
- The interleave factor is system dependent. For WDXT-GEN2 boards and XT
- compatible computers an interleave factor of 3 is the default. You cannot have
- an interleave value less than 3 with the WDXT-GEN2 board.
-
- **************************************************************************
- VIRTUAL SPLIT
- **************************************************************************
-
- A virtual split is an "imaginary" dividing of the disk drive. When you do a
- virtual format, you make one physical drive appear as two or more disks to the
- system.
-
- DOS 2.0 allows a maximum of 16 megabytes per drive and DOS 2.1 permits 32
- megabytes per drive. Therefore a 40 megabyte drive must be virtually split in
- order to use all 40 megabytes.
-
- Only use the virtual split format when you have one physical hard disk in your
- system. If you have two physical hard disks, do not use the virtual split
- format.
-
- Select Virtual Split
-
- 6. To select the virtual configuration for your drive,
- answer the prompt,
-
- Are you virtually configuring the drive - answer Y/N
-
- Type: Y
-
- Press <Enter>
-
- The following prompt displays:
-
- Key in cylinder number for virtual drive split as vvvv...
- where:vvvv = number of cylinders for drive C: (1-4 digits)
-
-
- Enter the value for your starting cylinder number,
-
- Follow the completed entry by pressing the <<Enter>>
- key.
-
-
- The number you entered represents the number of cylinders on drive C. The
- remaining cylinders are assigned to drive D during the virtual split
- process.
-
- The system displays the following prompt:
-
- Press "y" to begin formatting drive C with interleave 03
-
- Type: Y
-
- Press <Enter>
-
-
- 7. When the prompt for bad tracks displays, see the section
- on bad tracks. When the format is complete, the following message
- displays:
-
- Format Successful
-
-
-
- Do not use the low level format program on the second "virtual" drive. The
- virtual drive is formatted when you select the virtual format option. Go to
- section, "Final Steps," in Chapter 3.
-
- **************************************************************************
- BAD TRACKS
- **************************************************************************
-
- Because a hard disk is a physically manufactured item, it sometimes has
- physical defects. Each drive manufacturer tests their drives and gives you a
- bad track media list, when you purchase the drive. This bad track list is
- usually located on the top of the disk drive case. Locate this list before you
- answer the prompts.
-
- 7. During the format program, you are asked if you want
- to map the bad tracks by the following prompt:
-
- Do you want to format bad tracks - answer Y/N
-
- Because of the logical addressing used by DOS, marking
- an entire track bad results in more than one logical address being
- marked as bad. Since DOS limits the number of defects that it accepts,
- a drive with excessive media defects can cause the FORMAT program
- to terminate with an error, "TRACK 00 BAD - DRIVE UNUSABLE."
-
- Alternately, you can use the DOS utility program, FORMAT,
- to locate and deallocate media defects. Therefore we recommend that
- you do not mark the tracks bad; but if you decide that you want to
- mark the bad tracks, follow the steps below.
-
-
-
- Select Map Bad Tracks
-
- To map the bad tracks,
-
- Type: Y
-
- The system displays the following prompt:
-
- Key in bad track list as follows: ccc h...
-
- where:
-
- ccc=bad track cylinder number
- h=bad track head number
-
- Enter each value separated by a space and follow the
- completed entry by pressing the <Enter> key.
-
- EXAMPLE:
-
- For a disk with a bad cylinder 160 on head 1 and bad cylinder 161 on head 3
-
- Type: 160 1 161 3
- Press <Enter>
-
- The bad tracks program displays the following prompt:
-
-
- More? Y/N
-
- Enter additional bad tracks.
-
- To terminate the bad tracks program,
-
- Type: N
-
- Press <<Enter>>
-
- Then the following displays:
-
- BAD TRACK MAP
-
- TRACK ADDR PROBLEM
-
- cccH USER-SUPPLIED
-
-
- When the format is completed, the message displays:
-
- Format Successful
-
- Now go to section "Final Steps" in Chapter 3, to partition your drive and do a
- high level format.
-
-
- BIOS ROM Incompatibility
-
- The following is a list of XT compatible computers which do not operate with
- the Western Digital BIOS ROM because of a system BIOS incompatibility.
-
- Computer Model
-
- AT&T 6300
- AT&T 6300T
-
- If you have one of these computers, you must disable the BIOS ROM by placing a
- jumper resistor at R23 and check that integrated circuits U7 and U8 are NOT
- installed. When you do the low level format, skip the directions in this guide
- and instead follow your computer manufacturer's software installation
- instructions for low level formatting.
-
-
-
- B
-
- JUMPER RESISTORS
-
- The WDXT-GEN2 board has several jumper resistors which can be added for
- specific hardware configurations.
-
- Jumper Functions (R17 to R23 and R25 to R28)
-
- The following list explains the jumper resistor functions.
-
- R17 & R18 sets factory drive tables for the first hard
- disk
-
- R19 & R20 sets factory drive tables for the second
- hard disk
-
- R21 and R22 set the controller and BIOS address ranges
-
- R23 disables the BIOS ROM on GEN2 board
-
- R25 and R26 always OUT
-
- R27 sets the hardware interrupt (IRQ) value for the
- hard disk drive
-
- R28 sets the computer as XT when the jumper is OUT
-
-
- Default Values
-
- Tables B-1 through B-4 list the jumper resistor settings. Default factory
- settings are marked with a "*" symbol.
-
- Table First Drive Second Drive Capacity Heads Cylinders
- Number R17 R18 R19 R20
-
- 0 in in in in 21MB 4 612
- 1 out in out in 10MB 4 306
- 2 in out in out 10MB 2 615
- 3* out out out out 21MB 4 615
-
- Table B-1. Pre-selected Drive Tables
-
-
- R21 R22 Controller BIOS
-
- out* out* 320-323 C8000-C9FFF
- in out 324-327 CA000-CBFFF
- out in 328-32B CC000-CDFFF
- in in 32C-32F CE000-CFFFF
-
- Table B-2 Select Controller and BIOS Ranges
-
- R23 Select BIOS
-
- in selects external BIOS
- out* selects internal BIOS
-
- Table B-3. Select BIOS ROM
-
-
- R27 Select IRQ
-
- in selects IRQ2
- out* selects IRQ5
-
- Table B-4. Select Hardware Interrupt (IRQ)
-
- **************************************************************************
- How To Change Jumpers
- **************************************************************************
-
- To change a jumper, you need to solder electrical connections.
-
- CAUTION
-
- Do not attempt to change the jumper resistors unless
- you know how to solder electrical connections. Contact your
- dealer for advice on soldering jumper resistors.
-
- Note that the factory default settings have the jumper
- resistors out (i.e., not installed).
-
-
- To add a jumper, you can solder 24 gauge wire to the pin positions that you
- want to connect.
-
- To remove a jumper that has been soldered into place, you can use a soldering
- iron to remove the connection.
-
- COPYRIGHT 1989 WESTERN DIGITAL CORPORATION ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
-
- INFORMATION FURNISHED BY WESTERN DIGITAL CORPORATION IS BELIEVED TO BE
- ACCURATE. HOWEVER, NO RESPONSIBILITY IS ASSUMED BY WESTERN DIGITAL CORPORATION
- FOR ITS USE; NOR FOR ANY INFRINGEMENT OF PATENTS OR OTHER RIGHTS OF THIRD
- PARTIES WHICH MAY RESULT FROM ITS USE. NO LICENSE IS GRANTED BY IMPLICATION OR
- OTHERWISE UNDER ANY PATENT OR PATENT RIGHTS OF WESTERN DIGITAL CORPORATION.
- WESTERN DIGITAL CORPORATION RESERVES THE RIGHT TO CHANGE SPECIFICATIONS AT ANY
- TIME WITHOUT NOTICE.
-
- Doc. No. 79-000353
-
- Western Digital
- 2445 McCabe Way
- Irvine, CA 92714
- (800) 777-4787 (714) 863-0102
- FAX (714) 660-4909 TLX 910-595-1139
-
- WD10015S 1/89